Methylene blue, chemically known as methylthioninium chloride, has the formula C16H18ClN3S
and a molecular weight of 319.85 g/mol319.85 space g / m o l319.85 π/πππ. It is a tricyclic phenothiazine dye used medically to treat methemoglobinemia, as a stain in biology, and in various industrial applications like dyeing fabrics. The compound’s blue color comes from its ability to absorb light in the visible spectrum.Β
Chemical properties
- Chemical formula:
C16H18ClN3Scap C sub 16 cap H sub 18 cap C l cap N sub 3 cap S
πΆ16π»18πΆππ3π
- Molecular weight:
319.85 g/mol319.85 space g / m o l
319.85 π/πππ
- Chemical name: Methylthioninium chloride
- Type: Cationic dye, a tricyclic phenothiazine
- Solubility: Soluble in water and some organic solvents
- Color: Produces a striking blue color when dissolved in waterΒ
Medical uses
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Methemoglobinemia:Methylene blue is a primary treatment for this condition, where it helps convert methemoglobin back to hemoglobin, improving oxygen delivery to tissues.Β
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Antidote:It can be used as an antidote to cyanide poisoning.Β
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Staining:Used as a biological stain for easier observation of cells and tissues under a microscope.Β
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Other conditions:It has also been explored for potential use in photodynamic therapy, managing certain cancers, and treating conditions like Alzheimer’s and oral mucositis.Β
